What is a person or business who lends money in exchange for someone's valuable possession?

Very common money lending practice in India some decades ago. The story of the rich money lender with whom all is hocked up and families toil only to pay the interest rate and never quite getting to the principal amount. Then the family gets indentured and enslaved to the lender.

l mostly thought that the answer to that question was pawnbroker l mostly new that already .Yes l think what chatur said was correct .