Whose theory is often branded the "action reaction" theory?

Thank you high school physics class!

The phrasing of the question is misleading. It asks about the action Theory. There is no such thing as an action theory. There is a big difference between a theory and a law. A law is a concept that can be tested experimentally. A theory is an explanation for why we are observing what we’re observing. A theory is abstract. A law is concrete.

Thank God for high school Physics, namely Newton's 3rd Law not Theory.

Rocket going up is also due to the action reaction